A URL consists of a protocol (https://), a domain (example.com), and a path (/blog/seo-audit-guide). The path is where URL structure decisions are made.
Characteristics of a well-structured URL:
- Descriptive:
/blog/technical-seo-guideis better than/blog?p=12483 - Lowercase: Mixing case creates duplicate URL variants and confuses crawlers
- Hyphen-separated: Hyphens are word separators for search engines; underscores are not
- Shallow: Fewer path segments is generally better
- Parameter-free: Session IDs and filter combinations create thousands of near-duplicate URLs that waste crawl budget
URL parameters: Query strings like ?sort=price&color=red can generate enormous numbers of unique URLs showing the same content. Canonicalise these to the clean URL or configure parameter handling in Google Search Console.
What SearchVitals checks: The Architecture audit analyses URL patterns across crawled pages, flagging overly long URLs, non-descriptive paths, and inconsistent parameter use as findings by severity.